Physics> Kinematics of Uniform Circular Motion
Uniform circular motion (RCM) – movement along a circular path with a stable speed.
Learning challenge
- Combine centripetal force and centripetal acceleration with RKD.
Key points
- With RCD, angular and linear values have a simple relationship. The arc length is proportional to the angle of rotation and the radius. Moreover, v = rω.
- The acceleration responsible for the RVC is referred to as centripetal acceleration. Expressed in the formula ac = rω2 =.
- Any pure force that creates circular motion is called centripetal. Its direction is located in the center of curvature, and the value is equal to m () = mrω2…
Term
- Centripetal – upward.
Angular values
With uniform circular motion, angular and linear quantities are endowed with simple relationships. When objects rotate around some axis, each point of the object follows an arc of a circle. The angle of rotation displays the amount of rotation and is similar to a linear distance. The angle of rotation Δθ can be determined as the ratio of the arc length to the radius of curvature:
The radius of the circle rotates around the angle Δθ. The arc length Δs is described along a circle
From the relation s (Δs = rΔθ) we see:
If we consider the motion in a circular orbit, we will notice that the angular velocity remains stable. Acceleration is written as:
This acceleration is called centripetal.
Centripetal force
Any force or their combination can lead to centripetal or radial acceleration. These will be the rope tension, the Earth s gravity for the Moon, the friction between skates and ice, etc.
Any pure force that leads to an RVC is called a centripetal force. Its direction is located in the center of curvature, as in centripetal acceleration. Newton s second law says that pure force is mass acceleration. For uniform circular motion, acceleration is centripetal – a = ac… Therefore, the magnitude of the centripetal force is equal to:
Physics Section | |||||
An introduction to uniform circular motion and gravity |
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Irregular circular motion |
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Speed, acceleration and strength |
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Types of forces in nature |
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Newton s law of universal gravity |
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Kepler s laws |
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Gravitational potential energy |
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Energy saving |
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Angular and linear quantities |
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