Judy Martinez 2D materials made from cold liquid metal
Scientists have found a way to make two-dimensional materials from metal solutions at room temperature.
At the interfaces of the phases, long-known and well-studied substances appear unexpected properties. On the surface of crystals, for example, complex oxygen-containing ions are spontaneously formed in crystal lattices with a long period; their properties are strikingly different from the properties of the underlying three-dimensional regions of the crystal. Obtaining nanoscale materials with such properties is a difficult task. Sometimes the top layer is removed from the surface of macrocrystals, sometimes fine powders with a large surface area are used.
Professor Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh, Torben Daeneke and their colleagues from universities in Australia and the United States propose to obtain thin – several atoms thick – films by dissolving the necessary substances in eutectics (solutions of metals that are liquid at room temperature ). A film of dissolved metal oxide forms on the surface of the eutectic by itself, and it can be removed by rolling the liquid over a smooth surface: the liquid flows down, and an oxide layer several nanometers thick remains on the surface. Thus, the scientists obtained thin layers of hafnium, gadolinium and aluminum oxides by dissolving the metals in a gallium-based eutectic.
According to the authors of the article published in Science, with the help of this technology, it is theoretically possible to obtain thin films of substances that cannot be obtained by other methods, covering a third of the periodic table of elements. This process is simple, does not require complex equipment, high or low temperatures and pressure. It can be used to produce nanoscale components of transistors and other semiconductor devices, as well as catalysts for the metallurgical and pharmaceutical industries.
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